The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is the primary stabilizer on the inner side of the elbow, particularly important for resisting the stress of an overhead throwing motion. An injury ranges from a partial sprain to a complete tear.
Almost always caused by the repetitive, high-velocity stress of overhead throwing — most common in baseball pitchers — and typically develops gradually from cumulative stress rather than a single event.
Pain on the inner side of the elbow during throwing, often with a noticeable drop in throwing velocity or control, and sometimes an acute "pop" with sudden, sharp pain in a complete tear.
Partial tears in some athletes can improve with rest, physical therapy, and a structured throwing progression. Complete tears, or partial tears that don't allow a return to competitive throwing, are often treated with UCL reconstruction ("Tommy John surgery") to restore stability for high-level throwing athletes.
Think you might have this condition? An accurate diagnosis starts with an exam — schedule a consultation with Dr. Thomson.
Schedule a ConsultThis page is for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Every injury is different — always consult Dr. Thomson or another qualified physician for a personalized evaluation.