The medial collateral ligament (MCL) runs along the inner side of the knee and resists inward-bending (valgus) forces. A tear is a stretch or rupture of this ligament.
Typically caused by a direct blow to the outer side of the knee, forcing it inward — common in football and skiing — or a sudden twisting or pivoting motion.
Pain and tenderness along the inner side of the knee, swelling, and a sense of instability with side-to-side movement, particularly cutting or pivoting.
The MCL has a relatively good blood supply and most tears — even complete ones — heal well with bracing, protected weight-bearing, and physical therapy. Surgery is reserved for cases with persistent instability after adequate rehabilitation, or when the MCL is torn alongside other ligaments like the ACL.
Think you might have this condition? An accurate diagnosis starts with an exam — schedule a consultation with Dr. Thomson.
Schedule a ConsultThis page is for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Every injury is different — always consult Dr. Thomson or another qualified physician for a personalized evaluation.